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Wahyu 13:8

Konteks
13:8 and all those who live on the earth will worship the beast, 1  everyone whose name has not been written since the foundation of the world 2  in the book of life belonging to the Lamb who was killed. 3 

Wahyu 22:19

Konteks
22:19 And if anyone takes away from the words of this book of prophecy, God will take away his share in the tree of life 4  and in the holy city that are described in this book.

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[13:8]  1 tn Grk “it”; the referent (the beast) has been specified in the translation for clarity.

[13:8]  2 tn The prepositional phrase “since the foundation of the world” is traditionally translated as a modifier of the immediately preceding phrase in the Greek text, “the Lamb who was killed” (so also G. B. Caird, Revelation [HNTC], 168), but it is more likely that the phrase “since the foundation of the world” modifies the verb “written” (as translated above). Confirmation of this can be found in Rev 17:8 where the phrase “written in the book of life since the foundation of the world” occurs with no ambiguity.

[13:8]  3 tn Or “slaughtered”; traditionally, “slain.”

[22:19]  4 tc The Textus Receptus, on which the KJV rests, reads “the book” of life (ἀπὸ βίβλου, apo biblou) instead of “the tree” of life. When the Dutch humanist Desiderius Erasmus translated the NT he had access to no Greek mss for the last six verses of Revelation. So he translated the Latin Vulgate back into Greek at this point. As a result he created seventeen textual variants which were not in any Greek mss. The most notorious of these is this reading. It is thus decidedly inauthentic, while “the tree” of life, found in the best and virtually all Greek mss, is clearly authentic. The confusion was most likely due to an intra-Latin switch: The form of the word for “tree” in Latin in this passage is ligno; the word for “book” is libro. The two-letter difference accounts for an accidental alteration in some Latin mss; that “book of life” as well as “tree of life” is a common expression in the Apocalypse probably accounts for why this was not noticed by Erasmus or the KJV translators. (This textual problem is not discussed in NA27.)



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